Human Development Index(HDI)


Human Development Index (HDI) 
• Human development index (HDI) is defined as "a composite index combining indicators representing three dimensions - longevity (life expectancy at birth); knowledge (mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling. 
Before the year 2009, the indicators used were adult literacy rate and gross enrolment ratio) and income (GNI per capita in purchasing power parity in US dollars)". 
• Thus the concept of HDI reflects achievements in the most basic human capabilities, viz, leading a long life, being knowledgeable and enjoying a decent standard of living. Hence, these three variables have been chosen to represent those dimensions. 
• The HDI is a more comprehensive measure than per capita income. Income is only a means to human development, not an end. Nor is it a sum total of human lives. Thus by focusing on areas beyond income and treating income as a proxy for a decent standard of living, the HD! provides a more comprehensive picture of human life than income does.
• The HDI values range between 0 to 1. 










Ref: 
Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine; 23rd Edition; Page No: 17

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